Firing mechanism for guns



1.5..Z5ellerb B BELLERI FIRING MECHANISM FOR GUNS Original Filed Jan. 21, 1948 Dec. 23, 1952 Patented Dec. 23, 1952 FIRING MECHANISM FOR GUNS Baldassare Belleri, Gardone Valtrompia, Italy, assignor to Enzo Bernardelli, son of Lodovico; Vincenzo Bernardelli, son of the late Antonio; Vincenzo Bernardelli, son of Pietro, and Vico Bernardelli, son of Giulio, all of Gardone Valtrompia, Italy Original application January 21, 1948, Serial No. 3,512. Divided and this application November 4, 1949, Serial No. 125,505. In Italy January Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires January 29, 1966 1 Claim. 1

This is a divisional application of my co-pending parent application Serial Number 3,512, filed January 21, 1948.

The invention described and claimed herein relates to firing mechanism for sporting guns. The advantages of my improved mechanism are its simplicity and safety, since said mechanism is inoperative should the gun be subjected to a shock which might cause accidental firing of the gun were it provided with ordinary firing mechanism. The particularly novel and useful features of my improved mechanism are the hammer, sear, trigger and trigger lever, with a connection between the hammer, the sear and the lever, comprising a rod bearing on the hammer, slidable in the sear and control-led by the lever, and a coil spring mounted on the rod and adapted to co-act with the sear and the hammer to lock the sear to hold the hammer cocked and to drive the hammer for firing. Another valuable feature of the mechanism is the relation of the hammer to the breech block whereby the hammer, under pressure of the spring, bears upon the breech block, on firing, to augment the sealing pressure of the block against the firing chamber of the gun.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following description thereof in connection with the annexed drawing, said description and drawing disclosing one specific embodiment of the invention, its scope being defined by the claim appended hereto.

In the drawing:

Figs. 1 and 2 are fragmentary, longitudinal, vertical sections of a sporting gun provided with my improved firing mechanism, parts being shown in positions at and after firing, respectively.

Fig.5 is a vertical section of the barrel of the un.

Fig." 4 is a perspective view of the breech block.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the bolt.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail of the block, the bolt and the hammer, the parts being in "positions at the beginning of the recoil of the block to cock the hammer.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, the parts being in positions for the hammer to strike the firing pm.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the sear, the trigger lever and the trigger, the sear being in vertical section.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary rear elevation of the sear and the rod slidable therethrough.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A indicates a gun barrel; B a conventional magazine for cartridges 0; D is the breech mechanism; and F is my improved firing mechanism.

The breech mechanism D is of the type described and claimed in my said parent application serial Number 3,512, and comprises a breech block I [I in which a bolt I2 is arranged. The breech block I 0, together with its bolt l2, can slide on suitable guides in the guns casing I 4 wherein a guide rod [5 supports a coil spring [6 whose free end bears against the rear end of the breech block l5, tending to hold it against the firing chamber 24 in the breech of the barrel A. The bolt I2 is provided on its forward end with a head 20 for sealing the firing chamber 24 and has conventional means for engaging a cartridge case for extracting and ejecting the case of a fired cartridge, and at its rear end with a counterhead 25 from which extends a firing pin 26 which is projected forwardly from the head 20 on firing.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cartridges C are placed in a spring-loaded magazine B from which they are delivered by means of a loader B0 of a known type which receives the cartridge C and raises it into line with the firing chamber 24.

The firing mechanism F has a hammer 38 for impinging the head of the firing pin 26 and so shaped that after impinging it bears against the rear end of the breech block ID to add its'pressure to that of the spring H5. The hammer 38 is pivoted on a pin 42 carried by the gun casing l4, and has a recess 38-a in which is disposed a transverse pin 44 on which bears the forward end of a rod 45 having a, polygonal cross-section, and about which a coil spring 46 is disposed. The rod 45 slides in guides (not shown) in the sides of a sear 48 pivoted in the gun casing l4. The spring 46 is confined under tension between a collar 45-a on the forward end of the rod 45 and the slotted portion 48-11 of the sear 48 below its pivot point. The lower arm 52 of the sear 48 co-acts with a spring-pressed trigger-lever 54 pivoted in the gun casing I4 and linked to a trigger 55 pivoted in the gun ca ing l4. The trigger-lever 54 has a finger 54-a YiillCh engages the arm 52 of the sear 48 and an upstandin nose 55 which enters a suitable notched seat 58 on the lower edge of the rear end of the rod 45, when the rod 45 is retracted by the hammer 38 being brought to position for firing (Fig. 2). In this position, the hammer 38 is locked against any movement, since nose 55 holds rod 45 immovable causing spring 46 to press upon the lower arm 52 of the sear 48, which rocks the sear 48 to hold a nose 48b on the upper end of the sear 48 in a notch 50 in the rear face of the hammer 38, the sear 48 being held in that position by the finger 54-a of the lever 54.

When the trigger 55 is pressed, it rocks the trigger-lever 54 which moves its finger 54-a away from arm 52 on sear 48, thereby releasing sear 48, and the upstanding nose 56 of the triggerlever 54 slips out of its seat 58, thereby releasing the rod 45, which relieves pressure of spring 46 on sear 48 allowing released sear 48 to rock. so that the nose 48-73 on the upper end of scar 48 is disengaged from the notch 58 in the ham mer 38, thereby releasing the hammer 38. As soon as the hammer 38 is thus freed, it is swung forwardly by spring 46 and strikes the rear end of the firing pin 25 and also applies pressure to the breech block Iii, thus supplementing the action of the spring by that of spring 45 which is still under tension, increasing the sealing pressure of the breech block [8.

Upon firing, causing recoil of the breech block ID, the rear end 45 of the breech block H] swings the hammer 38 about its pin 42 and forces it downwardly, thus re-setting the firing mechanism F, since the nose 48b of the sear 48 is seated in the notch 58 of the hammer 38 and the nose 56 of the lever 5-4 is seated in the seat 58 of the rod 45.

It is to be understood that the structural details and their operation may be varied in prac- 4 tice, within the scope of the invention as defined by the claim.

Having described my invention, What I claim 1s: In a firing mechanism for a gun having a casmg, the combination of ahammer having a notch, a recess and a pin bridging the recess, the notch and recess being in the rear face of the hammer; a sear having a nose on its upper end for engagement in said notch to hold the hammer cocked, said sear being slotted in its lower portion, a depending arm on said sear a trigger; a trigger lever, said hammer, sear tr igger and lever being pivoted in the casing said tr gger and lever being articulated for rocking said lever by rocking said trigger, and said lever having an upstanding nose on its upper side and a finger bearing against the depending arm of the sear to lock the sear when the hammer is cocked; a rod slidable through the slotted portion of the sear and having a collar on its forward end which bears against the pin in the hammer, said rod having a notched seat on the lower edge of its rear portion in which is received said lever nose when the hammer is and ad coil1 spring about said rod and n g on sai c L said sear. 0 ar and the lower portion of BALDASSARE BELLERI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of red file of this patent: 0rd m the UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 

